Diet for pancreatitis

Pancreatitis is a disease in which the pancreas becomes inflamed. It plays a very important role in the digestive system: it regulates energy metabolism, synthesizes digestive juices and is responsible for the breakdown of carbohydrates.

Enzymes first enter the stomach and then the duodenum, where they begin to be activated. If the pancreas is inflamed, the enzymes begin to "work" at an early stage, that is, even before excretion. Damage appears: the gland begins to digest, which causes the death of some of the cells of the pancreas.

Pancreatitis can be caused by:

• infectious diseases not related to the digestive system, eg seasonal ARVI;
• diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
• unhealthy diet;
• stress;
• alcohol abuse.

Pancreatitis can develop in several ways: acute, reactive, and chronic. In the acute, the pancreas can be inflamed completely or in parts, the reagent develops against the background of diseases of the digestive system: gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, gallbladder or liver.

The chronic form can be in remission for a long time, and most often the disease progresses slowly. In most cases, inflammation reappears when diet is altered.

The nature of the diet in pancreatic pancreatitis plays a very important role: it is impossible to prevent an exacerbation without following a special diet. What are these diets and what are the menu principles for pancreatitis?

Nutrition principles for inflammation of the pancreas

The fundamental principle, which is established in the elaboration of a diet, in which the work of the pancreas is normalized, is to minimize the load on the digestive organ as much as possible.

For adults during an exacerbation, doctors give the following recommendations: "hunger, cold and rest". If the patient is in the hospital, and pancreatitis is in the acute stage, he is advised to refuse food for 2-3 days, and useful substances (salts and liquids) enter the body drip. If you starve at home, then it is impossible to fully guarantee the balance rate of water and electrolytes. You should and can drink, but only in small portions.

Even adults need to replenish their nutrient stores. Specially designed diets come to the rescue. The most "proven" of them is Table 5.

Principles of this diet:

• to create the gentlest conditions for the stomach and intestines, using mechanical and chemical discharge;
• eliminate pancreatic dysfunction;
• to prevent negative changes in liver tissue - fat infiltration;
• reduce the excitability of the gallbladder.

The diet should be followed not only during the treatment of the disease, but also for another year after it goes into remission.

The main properties of diet in the treatment of pancreatitis:

• In the daily menu, you should limit the amount of products that contain substances with extractive effect, which stimulate the production of pancreatic enzymes:
1. refractory fats;
2. purines;
3. essential oils;
4. cholesterol;
5. coarse fiber;
6. glucose.
• Diet: foods with a high protein content, reduce the amount of carbohydrates and fats.
• Cooking technology: cooking, steaming, baking in foil, stewing.
• Fractionated foods: up to 6 times a day, in small portions. It is necessary to get up from the table with a slight feeling of malnutrition so as not to overload the pancreas.
• The first time after an exacerbation, you can only eat pureed food.
• Condiments, including salt, will need to be temporarily abandoned;
• You should not eat hot or cold food, food should be heated to a body temperature of about 36 ° C.

Restricted consumption regime. You can drink as much as you want only when the urge to vomit is completely gone.

Don't be afraid of dietary restrictions in the first days after an attack; fasting during treatment is only helpful.

Pancreatitis diet menu

When drafting a menu for several days with an exacerbation of pancreatitis, you should immediately take into account its characteristics - the products should be rubbed. For example, if the meat is soufflé or meatballs, the potatoes are mashed potatoes, etc.

Menus are made up of the following products, a rough list of them:

• baby food - you can use both what comes in jars and as a powder, which is then diluted with liquid;
• mashed potatoes, cauliflower or white cabbage;
• pureed cottage cheese.

The proportions of nutrients in the daily menu - fats - 50-70 g, proteins - 130-150 g, carbohydrates - 300-320 g.

Approximately 2-4 days after exacerbation, nausea disappears and the amount of fluid in the body needs to be restored. You need to drink about 1. 5 liters of water per day, in small sips, a glass every 6 hours. The "heavier" dishes are gradually introduced into the diet, after the elimination of pain, a name for each meal.

From now on, around day 4, the menu includes the following dishes and products:

• kefir - low-fat only;
• chicken breast broth;
• protein omelette;
• non-acidic berry juices, diluted with half the water;
• rosehip decoction;
• up to about 30 g of honey per day;
• dry whole wheat bread;
• unsweetened crackers or biscuits;
• boiled pasta: you can not use pasta or curls, preference should be given to small noodles;
• porridge is rubbed through a strainer, with pancreatitis, you can cook them with buckwheat, oatmeal (some nutritionists allow to eat semolina, but it must be fully cooked so that it does not swell in the stomach).

You can eat the following foods:

• lean meat - chicken breast, beef, rabbit meat;
• fish: boiled, but you can only use meat, fish soup and other soups in the fish broth;
• fruits - baked or blanched;
• beef broth - secondary;
• vegetable puree: broccoli, cauliflower, pumpkin.

The nature of the diet in pancreatitis depends on the general condition of the patient.

How nutritional patterns change in pancreatitis

A rough diet menu in the first days after an exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis looks like this:

1 day:

• breakfast: half a portion of slimy oatmeal soup and half a glass of still mineral water;
• snack: baked apple without peel and sugar;
• lunch - mashed potatoes - also half a portion - with milk, no spices;
• snack: jam and cake flour;
• dinner: buckwheat porridge with weak tea, bleached milk;
• bedtime: a little milk diluted with water.

Day 2:

• breakfast - steamed protein omelette, chamomile broth;
• snack - baked pear;
• lunch: pearl barley soup, grated with water, crouton with compote;
• afternoon tea - milk souffle;
• dinner - semolina porridge, dried fruit puree, weak tea;
• bedtime: half a glass of rosehip broth.

Also, the diet may be slightly weakened, if the condition has returned to normal:

• breakfast - oatmeal with nuts, preferably with raisins, rosehip broth;
• snack - raw banana;
• lunch: steamed fish with carrot puree, dried fruit compote;
• afternoon tea: cottage cheese seasoned with honey;
• dinner - rice pudding porridge with weak tea;
• bedtime: half a glass of diluted milk.

A diet for chronic pancreatitis, when the condition has returned to normal, might look like this: An example of a daily menu:

• breakfast - vegetable puree, a piece of meat soufflé, juice diluted with water, mild tea;
• snack: protein omelette, steamed chicken breast cutlet, a slice of dry bread, kefir;
• lunch: small noodles in chicken breast broth, boiled vegetables with a piece of steamed fish, bread, compote of nuts;
• afternoon tea: crackers with sweet berry jelly, maybe a little honey;
• dinner: steamed meatballs, rice porridge (or mashed potatoes), stewed vegetables, tea.

If you feel hungry before going to bed, you can eat a cookie, sweet fruit, drink a glass of kefir.

A well-designed menu for treating pancreatitis will help the disease go into remission quickly. The diet should be followed for one year after the last exacerbation.