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Proper nutrition for diabetes every day

what you can and cannot eat with diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a disease of the endocrine system associated with a lack of insulin in the body.

As a result, the glucose content in the blood increases, which leads to metabolic disorders and gradual damage to almost all functional systems of the human body. The disease is divided into type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Today, nutritional and dietary problems in diabetes mellitus of any kind are an extremely serious issue that every patient raises after receiving a diagnosis of the disease.

In general, proper nutrition should be observed in diabetes every day, because without a diet, a person's health will deteriorate.

Tips to lower blood sugar

Diet is essential for people with all types of diabetes, but dietary guidelines differ for type I and type II diabetes. In the latter case, dietary reduction of excess body weight may be the only therapeutic measure.

Your treating endocrinologist determines the type of diabetes mellitus.

  1. In type 1 diabetes: Proper nutrition is a necessary antecedent for insulin therapy. If you do not pay attention to it, all efforts to lower blood sugar will be in vain - this indicator does not stabilize, and this affects the state of the vessels of all organs and systems.
  2. Type 2 diabetes: Does not always require medication. First of all, the patient is recommended a diet that helps reduce weight. With good dynamics, in this case, medications may not be required at all.

General tips to help lower blood sugar:

  1. Reduce your intake of soda, lemonade, and juices. With regular consumption of sweetened beverages, the risk of developing diabetes increases by approximately 15%. When drinking tea and coffee, reduce the amount of cream and sweeteners.
  2. Try to choose sugar-free foods like unsweetened iced tea, yogurt, or unsweetened oatmeal. You can sweeten your food to your liking. Chances are, you add much less sugar to your food than the manufacturer.
  3. Replace your favorite sweets with healthier foods. Instead of ice cream, mash the frozen bananas and beat the mixture with a mixer for a great dessert. Instead of your favorite milk chocolate, it is better to eat a piece of dark chocolate.

It is especially important to follow a diet for mild diabetes, as it is practically the main treatment.

Differences in diet for type 1 and type 2 diabetes

the need to follow a diabetes diet

For patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, a low-calorie diet (25-30 kcal per 1 kg of body weight) is required, which prevents late complications of the disease. In this case, the diet is extremely important, it must be strictly observed. The main thing to take into account when composing a diet is the balance of proteins, fats and carbohydrates.

Patients with type 2 diabetes are prescribed a subcaloric diet (the daily energy value of food is 1600 to 1800 kcal). With such a diet, patients should lose around 300 to 400 g of body weight per week. In the presence of a strong overweight, the daily amount of calories is reduced according to the percentage of excess body weight to 15-17 kcal per 1 kg.

Nutrition Basics

In each individual case, the doctor prescribes a special diet for a patient with diabetes mellitus, which must be adhered to in order to maintain a normal body.

When you start to eat well, follow these simple rules every day:

  1. It is necessary to eat 5-6 times in small portions (every 2-3 hours) during the day.
  2. The ratio of proteins, carbohydrates and fats must be balanced.
  3. The amount of calories received from food should be equal to the patient's energy consumption.
  4. A person should receive adequate nutrition: certain vegetables and fruits, cereals, dietary meats and fish, natural juices without added sugar, dairy products, soups.

The food of a diabetic patient should be rich in vitamins, so it is useful to introduce vitamin carriers into the diet: baking yeast, brewer's yeast, rosehip decoction, SPP, dietary supplements.

Nutritional rules for diabetes mellitus for every day

The following foods can be eaten with diabetes:

  1. Bread: up to 200 grams per day, mostly black or special diabetics.
  2. Cook soups with vegetable broth, the use of weak meat and fish broths is allowed 1-2 times a week.
  3. Meat and poultry dishes. With diabetes mellitus, it is allowed to eat boiled beef, chicken and rabbit.
  4. Vegetables and herbs. It is recommended to consume potatoes, beets, carrots no more than 200 grams per day. But other greens (cabbage, lettuce, radish, cucumbers, zucchini, tomatoes) and greens (except spicy ones) can be consumed almost without restriction raw and boiled, and occasionally baked.
  5. Cereals, legumes and pasta should not be eaten frequently. If you decide to eat a plate of spaghetti, refuse bread and other carbohydrate foods and dishes that day.
    6. nutritional characteristics in diabetes mellitus
  6. Eggs can not be consumed more than 2 pieces a day, adding to other dishes, boiled, boiled or as an omelette.
  7. Fruits and berries of sour and bittersweet varieties (Antonovka apples, oranges, lemons, blueberries, red currants. . . ) - up to 200-300 grams per day.
  8. Milk - with the permission of a doctor, kefir, yogurt (only 1-2 glasses per day), cottage cheese (50-200 grams per day) in natural form or in the form of curd, cheesecakes and puddings.
  9. It is recommended to consume cottage cheese daily, up to 100-200 grams per day in natural form or in the form of curd, cheesecakes, puddings, stews. Cottage cheese, as well as oatmeal and buckwheat porridge, bran, rosehip improve fat metabolism and normalize liver function, prevent fatty changes in the liver.
  10. Milk tea, mild coffee, tomato juice, fruit and berry juices (total liquid with soup up to 5 glasses a day).

Plan your menu carefully every day and use only foods that are healthy and necessary for you.

Prohibited Products

One should think about the diet of patients with diabetes, first of all, people who have been diagnosed with this disease should reject such products:

  1. Sweets, chocolate, confectionery, baked goods, jams, honey, ice cream and other sweets;
  2. Spicy, spicy, salty and smoked appetizers and dishes, lamb and pork fat;
  3. Pepper, mustard;
  4. Alcoholic beverages;
  5. Grapes, bananas, raisins;
  6. Sugar is allowed only in small amounts with the permission of a doctor.

All diabetes foods should be eaten on a schedule, and to control blood glucose, the daily menu should contain fiber.

Sample menu of the day

When following a type 2 diabetes diet, you can stick to a simple menu, alternating between allowed foods.

Example no. 1

  1. Breakfast: porridge, egg. Bread. Coffee.
  2. Snack - natural yogurt with red berries.
  3. Lunch: vegetable soup, chicken breast with salad (beetroot, onion and olive oil) and stewed cabbage. Bread. Compote.
  4. Afternoon snack: low-fat cottage cheese. Tea.
  5. Dinner: hake baked in sour cream, vegetable salad (cucumbers, tomatoes, herbs or any other seasonal vegetables) with vegetable oil. Bread. Cocoa.
  6. Second dinner (a few hours before going to bed): plain yogurt, baked apple.

Example no. 2

  1. Breakfast: 150 gr cottage cheese, 150 gr buckwheat or oatmeal, black bread, unsweetened tea.
  2. Second breakfast: compote without sugar 250 ml.
  3. Lunch: chicken broth 250 gr, boiled lean meat 75 gr, cooked cabbage - 100 gr, unsweetened gelatin - 100 gr, bread, mineral water 250 ml.
  4. Afternoon snack - apple 1 pc.
  5. Dinner: 150 gr stewed vegetables, 100 gr meatballs, cabbage schnitzel - 200 gr, bread, unsweetened rosehip broth.
  6. Second dinner: drink yogurt - 250 ml.

Example no. 3

  1. Breakfast: carrot and apple salad - 100 g, low-fat cottage cheese with milk - 150 g Bread with bran - 50 g Unsweetened tea - 1 glass. Second breakfast: mineral water - 1 glass, apple.
  2. Lunch: vegetable soup with soy - 200 g, meat stew - 150 g, vegetable caviar - 50 g. Rye bread - 50 g. Tea with xylitol - 1 glass.
  3. Snack: fruit salad - 100 g. Unsweetened tea - 1 glass.
  4. Dinner: fish schnitzel - 150 g, millet milk porridge - 150 g. Bran bread - 50 g Unsweetened tea - 1 glass. Second dinner: kefir - 1 glass.

Remember:a diabetic patient should not be hungry. He should eat at the same time, but if slight hunger occurs between main meals, he should definitely dampen it with a cup of tea or vegetables. But it should be only a light snack - overeating is dangerous for a diabetic.